<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inform</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Информатика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Informatics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-0301</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2617-6963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>UIIP NASB</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inform-178</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВЫЧИСЛЕНИЕ ВЕРШИН ПОЛИТОПОВ РАЗБИЕНИЙ ЧИСЕЛ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>COMPUTING VERTICES OF INTEGER PARTITION POLYTOPES</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Врублевский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vroublevski</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Шаранговича, 22-А</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alvrub@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шлык</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shlyk</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск, Машиностроителей, 25</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.shlyk@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ИООО «Управляющая компания ”Атлант-М”»</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Командно-инженерный институт МЧС Республики Беларусь</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Врублевский А.С., Шлык В.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Врублевский А.С., Шлык В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vroublevski A.S., Shlyk V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/178">https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/178</self-uri><abstract><p>Описывается метод генерирования вершин политопов разбиений чисел, с помощью которого авторами были вычислены все вершины и опорные вершины политопов разбиений всех n ≤ 105 и все рюкзачные разбиения n ≤ 165. Метод не требует построения всех разбиений n. Вершины определяются с помощью достаточных и необходимых условий, в трудных случаях применяется известная программа Polymake. Подробно излагаются алгоритм проверки критерия, характеризующего разбиения, являющиеся выпуклыми комбинациями двух других; методика применения двух комбинаторных операций, преобразующих известные вершины в новые вершины, и способ применения программы Polymake для распознавания небольшого (для малых n) числа разбиений, являющихся выпуклыми комбинациями трех и более разбиений. Представляются результаты вычислений и формулируются новые проблемы, к которым приводят полученные данные о числах вершин и опорных вершин политопов разбиений чисел.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper describes a method of generating vertices of the polytopes of integer partitions that was used by the authors to calculate all vertices and support vertices of the partition polytopes for all n ≤ 105 and all knapsack partitions of n ≤ 165. The method avoids generating all partitions of n. The vertices are determined with the help of sufficient and necessary conditions; in the hard cases, the well-known program Polymake is used. Some computational aspects are exposed in more detail. These are the algorithm for checking the criterion that characterizes partitions that are convex combinations of two other partitions; the way of using two combinatorial operations that transform the known vertices to the new ones; and employing the Polymake to recognize a limited number (for small n) of partitions that need three or more other partitions for being convexly expressed. We discuss the computational results on the numbers of vertices and support vertices of the partition polytopes and some appealing problems these results give rise to.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эндрюс, Г. Теория разбиений / Г. Эндрюс. – М. : Наука, 1982. – 256 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Эндрюс, Г. Теория разбиений / Г. Эндрюс. – М. : Наука, 1982. – 256 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эйлер, Л. Введение в анализ бесконечных / Л. Эйлер. – М. : Гос. изд. физ.-мат. лит., 1961. – Т. 1. – 316 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Эйлер, Л. Введение в анализ бесконечных / Л. Эйлер. – М. : Гос. изд. физ.-мат. лит., 1961. – Т. 1. – 316 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dickson, L.E. History of the Theory of Numbers / L.E. Dickson. – Vol. II : Diophantine Analysis. – Washington : Carnegie Inst., 1919. – 520 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dickson, L.E. History of the Theory of Numbers / L.E. Dickson. – Vol. II : Diophantine Analysis. – Washington : Carnegie Inst., 1919. – 520 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шлык, В.А. Политопы разбиений чисел / В.А. Шлык // Весці Нац. акад. навук Беларусi. Сер. фiз.-мат. навук. – 1996. – № 3. – С. 89–92.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шлык, В.А. Политопы разбиений чисел / В.А. Шлык // Весці Нац. акад. навук Беларусi. Сер. фiз.-мат. навук. – 1996. – № 3. – С. 89–92.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlyk, V.A. Polytopes of partitions of numbers / V.A. Shlyk // European J. Combin. – 2005. – Vol. 26, № 8. – P. 1139–1153.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlyk, V.A. Polytopes of partitions of numbers / V.A. Shlyk // European J. Combin. – 2005. – Vol. 26, № 8. – P. 1139–1153.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Емеличев, В.А. Многогранники, графы, оптимизация (комбинаторная теория многогранников) / В.А. Емеличев, М.М. Ковалев, М.К. Кравцов. – М. : Наука, 1981. – 341 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Емеличев, В.А. Многогранники, графы, оптимизация (комбинаторная теория многогранников) / В.А. Емеличев, М.М. Ковалев, М.К. Кравцов. – М. : Наука, 1981. – 341 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шлык, В.А. Комбинаторные операции порождения вершин политопа разбиений чисел / В.А. Шлык // Докл. Нац. акад. наук Беларуси. – 2009. – Т. 53, № 6. – С. 27–32.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шлык, В.А. Комбинаторные операции порождения вершин политопа разбиений чисел / В.А. Шлык // Докл. Нац. акад. наук Беларуси. – 2009. – Т. 53, № 6. – С. 27–32.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Холл, М. Комбинаторика / М. Холл. – М. : Мир, 1970. – 424 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Холл, М. Комбинаторика / М. Холл. – М. : Мир, 1970. – 424 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gupta, H. Tables of partitions / H. Gupta, C.E. Gwyther, C.P. Winter // Royal society mathematical tables. – Vol. 4. – Cambridge : University Press, 1958. – 132 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gupta, H. Tables of partitions / H. Gupta, C.E. Gwyther, C.P. Winter // Royal society mathematical tables. – Vol. 4. – Cambridge : University Press, 1958. – 132 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sloane, N.J.A. a(n) = number of partitions of n (the partition numbers) [Electronic resource] / N.J.A. Sloane. – 2010. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A000041. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sloane, N.J.A. a(n) = number of partitions of n (the partition numbers) [Electronic resource] / N.J.A. Sloane. – 2010. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A000041. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zoghbi, A. Fast algorithms for generating integer partitions / A. Zoghbi, I. Stojmenovic // Intern. J. Computer Math. – 1998. – Vol. 70. – P. 319–332.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zoghbi, A. Fast algorithms for generating integer partitions / A. Zoghbi, I. Stojmenovic // Intern. J. Computer Math. – 1998. – Vol. 70. – P. 319–332.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рейнгольд, Э. Комбинаторные алгоритмы: теория и практика / Э. Рейнгольд, Ю. Нивергельт, Н. Део. – М. : Мир, 1980. – 476 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Рейнгольд, Э. Комбинаторные алгоритмы: теория и практика / Э. Рейнгольд, Ю. Нивергельт, Н. Део. – М. : Мир, 1980. – 476 с.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nijenhius, A. A method and two algorithms on the theory of partitions / A. Nijenhius, H.S. Wilf // J. Comb. Theory A. – 1975. – Vol. 18. – P. 219–222.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nijenhius, A. A method and two algorithms on the theory of partitions / A. Nijenhius, H.S. Wilf // J. Comb. Theory A. – 1975. – Vol. 18. – P. 219–222.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riha, W. Efficient algorithms for doubly and multiply restricted partitions / W. Riha, K.R. James // Algorithm 29. Computing. – 1976. – Vol. 16. – P. 163–168.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Riha, W. Efficient algorithms for doubly and multiply restricted partitions / W. Riha, K.R. James // Algorithm 29. Computing. – 1976. – Vol. 16. – P. 163–168.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Constant time generation of integer partitions / K. Yamanaka [et al.] // IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences. – 2007. – Vol. E90-A, № 5. – P. 888–895.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Constant time generation of integer partitions / K. Yamanaka [et al.] // IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences. – 2007. – Vol. E90-A, № 5. – P. 888–895.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Knuth, D.E. Generating all partitions. Pre-fascicle 3B of The Art of Computer Programming. A draft of sections 7.2.1.4-5 [Electronic resource] / D.E. Knuth. – 2004. – Mode of access : http://www.cs.utsa.edu/~wagner/knuth/fasc3b.pdf. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Knuth, D.E. Generating all partitions. Pre-fascicle 3B of The Art of Computer Programming. A draft of sections 7.2.1.4-5 [Electronic resource] / D.E. Knuth. – 2004. – Mode of access : http://www.cs.utsa.edu/~wagner/knuth/fasc3b.pdf. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kelleher, J. Generating all partitions: a comparison of two encodings [Electronic resource] / J. Kelleher, В. O'Sullivan. – 2009. – Mode of access : http://arxiv.org/pdf/0909.2331v1.pdf. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kelleher, J. Generating all partitions: a comparison of two encodings [Electronic resource] / J. Kelleher, В. O'Sullivan. – 2009. – Mode of access : http://arxiv.org/pdf/0909.2331v1.pdf. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Opdyke, J.D. A unified approach to algorithms generating unrestricted and restricted integer compositions and integer partitions / J.D. Opdyke // J. Math. Model. Algor. – 2010. – Vol. 9, № 1. – P. 53–97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Opdyke, J.D. A unified approach to algorithms generating unrestricted and restricted integer compositions and integer partitions / J.D. Opdyke // J. Math. Model. Algor. – 2010. – Vol. 9, № 1. – P. 53–97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stojmenovic, I. Generating all and random instances of a combinatorial object / I. Stojmenovic // Handbook of applied algorithms: solving scientific, engineering, and practical problem. – Hoboken : John Wiley&amp;Sons, 2008. – P. 1–38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stojmenovic, I. Generating all and random instances of a combinatorial object / I. Stojmenovic // Handbook of applied algorithms: solving scientific, engineering, and practical problem. – Hoboken : John Wiley&amp;Sons, 2008. – P. 1–38.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlyk, V.A. Number of vertices of the integer partition polytope [Electronic resource] / V.A. Shlyk. – 2012. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A203898. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlyk, V.A. Number of vertices of the integer partition polytope [Electronic resource] / V.A. Shlyk. – 2012. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A203898. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlyk, V.A. Number of support partitions-vertices [Electronic resource] / V.A. Shlyk. – 2012. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A203899. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlyk, V.A. Number of support partitions-vertices [Electronic resource] / V.A. Shlyk. – 2012. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A203899. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ehrenborg, R. Number of knapsack partitions of n [Electronic resource] / R. Ehrenborg. – 2005. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A108917. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ehrenborg, R. Number of knapsack partitions of n [Electronic resource] / R. Ehrenborg. – 2005. – Mode of access : http://oeis.org/A108917. – Date of access : 11.10.2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шлык, В.А. Критерий представления разбиений чисел в виде выпуклой комбинации двух разбиений / В.А. Шлык // Вестник БГУ. Сер. 1. – 2009. – № 2. – С. 109–114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шлык, В.А. Критерий представления разбиений чисел в виде выпуклой комбинации двух разбиений / В.А. Шлык // Вестник БГУ. Сер. 1. – 2009. – № 2. – С. 109–114.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlyk, V.A. Integer partitions from the polyhedral point of view / V.A. Shlyk // Electron. Notes Discrete Math. – 2013. – Vol. 43. – P. 319–327.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlyk, V.A. Integer partitions from the polyhedral point of view / V.A. Shlyk // Electron. Notes Discrete Math. – 2013. – Vol. 43. – P. 319–327.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shlyk, V.A. Polyhedral approach to integer partitions / V.A. Shlyk // Journal of Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing. – 2014. – Vol. 89. – P. 113–128.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shlyk, V.A. Polyhedral approach to integer partitions / V.A. Shlyk // Journal of Combinatorial Mathematics and Combinatorial Computing. – 2014. – Vol. 89. – P. 113–128.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gawrilow, E. Polymake: a framework for analyzing convex polytopes / E. Gawrilow, E.M. Joswig // Polytopes – combinatorics and computation. – Basel : Birkhäuser, 2000. – P. 43–73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gawrilow, E. Polymake: a framework for analyzing convex polytopes / E. Gawrilow, E.M. Joswig // Polytopes – combinatorics and computation. – Basel : Birkhäuser, 2000. – P. 43–73.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шлык, В.А. О вершинах политопов разбиений чисел / В.А. Шлык // Докл. Нац. акад. наук Беларуси. – 2008. – Т. 52, № 3. – С. 5–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Шлык, В.А. О вершинах политопов разбиений чисел / В.А. Шлык // Докл. Нац. акад. наук Беларуси. – 2008. – Т. 52, № 3. – С. 5–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Handbook of Mathematical Functions / M. Abramowitz, I.A. Stegun [eds]. – Applied Math. Series 55. – Washington : Government Printing Office, 1972. – 1046 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Handbook of Mathematical Functions / M. Abramowitz, I.A. Stegun [eds]. – Applied Math. Series 55. – Washington : Government Printing Office, 1972. – 1046 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barvinok, A.I. Polynomial time algorithm for counting integral points in polyhedra when the dimension is fixed / A.I. Barvinok // Math. Oper. Res. – 1994. – Vol. 19. – P. 769–779.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barvinok, A.I. Polynomial time algorithm for counting integral points in polyhedra when the dimension is fixed / A.I. Barvinok // Math. Oper. Res. – 1994. – Vol. 19. – P. 769–779.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Effective lattice point counting in rational convex polytopes / J.A. De Loera [et al.] // Journal of Symbolic Computation. – 2004. – Vol. 38, № 4. – P. 1273–1302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Effective lattice point counting in rational convex polytopes / J.A. De Loera [et al.] // Journal of Symbolic Computation. – 2004. – Vol. 38, № 4. – P. 1273–1302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ehrenborg, R. The Möbius function of partitions with restricted block sizes / R. Ehrenborg, M.A. Readdy // Adv. in Appl. Math. – 2007. – Vol. 39, № 3. – P. 283–292.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ehrenborg, R. The Möbius function of partitions with restricted block sizes / R. Ehrenborg, M.A. Readdy // Adv. in Appl. Math. – 2007. – Vol. 39, № 3. – P. 283–292.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
