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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inform</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Информатика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Informatics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-0301</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2617-6963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>UIIP NASB</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37661/1816-0301-2024-21-3-80-93</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inform-1298</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОИНФОРМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOINFORMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Адаптация архитектуры нейронной сети REINVENT для генерации потенциальных ингибиторов  проникновения ВИЧ-1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Adaptation of the REINVENT neural network  architecture to generate potential HIV-1 entry inhibitors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varabyeu</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воробьев Данила Александрович, стажер младшего научного сотрудника</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 6, Минск, 220012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Danila A. Varabyeu, Trainee Junior Researcher</p><p>st. Surganova, 6, Minsk, 220012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">daniel.vorobiov.2002@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпенко</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpenko</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпенко Анна Дмитриевна, научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 6, Минск, 220012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna D. Karpenko, Researcher</p><p>st. Surganova, 6, Minsk, 220012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rfe.karpenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тузиков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tuzikov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тузиков Александр Васильевич, член-корреспондент, доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией математической кибернетики</p><p>ул. Сурганова, 6, Минск, 220012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Tuzikov, Corresponding Member, D. Sc. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of the Laboratory of Mathematical Cybernetics</p><p>st. Surganova, 6, Minsk, 220012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tuzikov@newman.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андрианов</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrianov</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрианов Александр Михайлович, доктор химических наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. академика В. Ф. Купревича, 5, корп. 2, Минск, 220141</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander M. Andrianov, D. Sc. (Chem.), Prof., Principal Researcher</p><p>st. Academician V. F. Kuprevich, 5, bldg. 2, Minsk, 220141</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexande.andriano@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Объединенный институт проблем информатики Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The United Institute of Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биоорганической химии Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Воробьев Д.А., Карпенко А.Д., Тузиков А.В., Андрианов А.М., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воробьев Д.А., Карпенко А.Д., Тузиков А.В., Андрианов А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Varabyeu D.A., Karpenko A.D., Tuzikov A.V., Andrianov A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/1298">https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/1298</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Основной целью настоящей работы является адаптация архитектуры нейронной сети REINVENT для генерации потенциальных ингибиторов белка gp120 оболочки ВИЧ-1 с использованием в процессе обучения с подкреплением молекулярного докинга на графических процессорах.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Для модификации исходной модели сети использован внедренный в процессе обучения с покреплением молекулярный докинг на графических процессорах и разработан алгоритм, позволяющий преобразовывать генерируемые сетью SMILES представления соединений в необходимый для выполнения докинга формат PDBQT. С целью ускорения обучения нейронной сети в модифицированной версии модели REINVENT использована программа докинга AutoDock-Vina-GPU-2.1, а для уточнения результатов ее работы - процедура переоценки сродства соединений к мишени с помощью оценочной функции RFScore-4.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. С помощью модифицированной версии модели REINVENT получено более 60 000 соединений, из которых около 52 000 молекул имеют величину энергии связывания с белком gp120 ВИЧ-1, сопоставимую со значением, рассчитанным для ингибитора ВИЧ-1 NBD-14204, использованного в расчетах в качестве позитивного контроля. Из отобранных 52 000 соединений около 34 000 молекул удовлетворяют ограничениям, налагаемым на потенциальное лекарство для обеспечения его биодоступности при пероральном приеме.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты позволяют продемонстрировать эффективность адаптированной нейронной сети на примере конструирования новых потенциальных ингибиторов белка gp120 ВИЧ-1, способных блокировать CD4-связывающий сайт белка gp120 оболочки вируса и предотвращать его проникновение в клетки хозяина.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. The main purpose of this work is to adapt the architecture of the REINVENT neural network to generate potential inhibitors of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 using in the learning process with reinforcement of molecular docking on GPUs.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. To modify the initial network model, molecular docking on GPUs implemented in the learning process with reinforcement was used, and an algorithm was developed that allows converting the representations of connections generated by the SMILES network into the PDBQT format necessary for docking. To accelerate the learning of the neural network in the modified version of the REINVENT model, the AutoDock-Vina-GPU-2.1 docking program was used, and to clarify the results of its work, the procedure for revaluing the affinity of compounds to the target using the RFScore-4 evaluation function was used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Using a modified version of the REINVENT model, more than 60,000 compounds were obtained, of which about 52,000 molecules have a binding energy value to the HIV-1 gp120 protein comparable to the value calculated for the HIV-1 inhibitor NBD-14204, used in calculations as a positive control. Of the 52,000 compounds selected, about 34,000 molecules satisfy the restrictions imposed on a potential drug to ensure its bioavailability when taken orally.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results obtained allow us to demonstrate the effectiveness of an adapted neural network by the example of designing new potential inhibitors of the gp120 HIV-1 protein capable of blocking the CD4- binding site of the gp120 virus envelope protein and preventing its penetration into host cells.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генеративные модели ИИ</kwd><kwd>обучение с подкреплением</kwd><kwd>компьютерный дизайн лекарств</kwd><kwd>молекулярный докинг</kwd><kwd>ВИЧ-1</kwd><kwd>белок gp120</kwd><kwd>анти-ВИЧ-препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>generative AI</kwd><kwd>reinforcement learning</kwd><kwd>computer-aided drug design</kwd><kwd>molecular docking</kwd><kwd>HIV-1</kwd><kwd>gp120 protein</kwd><kwd>anti-HIV drugs</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке Государственной программы научных исследований «Конвергенция 2025» (подпрограмма «Междисциплинарные исследования и новые технологии», задание 3.04.1).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out with the support of the State Scientific Research Program  "Convergence 2025" (subprogram "Interdisciplinary Research and New Technologies", task 3.04.1).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li H., Sze K. 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