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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inform</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Информатика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Informatics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-0301</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2617-6963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>UIIP NASB</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37661/1816-0301-2023-20-4-56-68</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inform-1264</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL MODELING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вариационно-разностный метод численного моделирования равновесных капиллярных поверхностей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A variational-difference method for numerical simulation of equilibrium capillary surfaces</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачёва</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>Yu. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбачёва Юлия Николаевна, старший преподаватель кафедры вычислительной математики факультета прикладной математики и информатики</p><p>пр. Независимости, 4, Минск, 220030</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya N. Gorbacheva, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Computational Mathematics of the Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Informatics</p><p>av. Nezavisimosti, 4, Minsk, 220030</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorbachevayun@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3846-7776</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полевиков</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polevikov</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полевиков Виктор Кузьмич, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры вычислительной математики факультета прикладной математики и информатики</p><p>пр. Независимости, 4, Минск, 220030</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor K. Polevikov, Ph. D. (Phys.-Math.), Assoc. Prof., Assoc. Prof. of the Department of Computational Mathematics of the Faculty of Applied Mathematics and Informatics</p><p>av. Nezavisimosti, 4, Minsk, 220030</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polevikov@bsu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горбачёва Ю.Н., Полевиков В.К., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбачёва Ю.Н., Полевиков В.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbacheva Y.N., Polevikov V.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/1264">https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/1264</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цели</title><p>Цели. Предлагается вариационно-разностный метод численного моделирования равновесных капиллярных поверхностей, базирующийся на минимизации энергетического функционала. В качестве тестовой рассматривается известная осесимметричная задача о равновесных формах капли, находящейся на горизонтальной вращающейся плоскости в поле силы тяжести. Математическая модель задачи строится на основании вариационного принципа: капля принимает такую форму, при которой она обладает минимумом полной энергии при заданном объеме. С помощью метода конечных элементов задача минимизации функционала сводится к системе нелинейных уравнений, решение которой ищется с помощью итерационного метода Ньютона.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Используется вариационно-разностный подход (метод конечных элементов), в котором в качестве базисных функций выбираются финитные линейные функции.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. С помощью метода конечных элементов построены равновесные формы капли на вращающейся плоскости в широком диапазоне определяющих параметров: числа Бонда, вращательного числа Вебера и угла смачивания. Определено влияние этих параметров на форму капли. Численные результаты согласуются с результатами, полученными с помощью итерационно-разностного метода во всем диапазоне физической устойчивости относительно осесимметричных возмущений.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Метод конечных элементов реагирует на потерю устойчивости капли относительно осесимметричных возмущений, поэтому может применяться для исследования устойчивости равновесия осесимметричных капиллярных поверхностей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Objectives. A variational-difference method for numerical simulation of equilibrium capillary surfaces based on the minimization of the energy functional is proposed. As a test task a well-known axisymmetric hydrostatic problem on equilibrium shapes of a drop adjacent to a horizontal rotating plane under gravity is considered. The mathematical model of the problem is built on the basis of the variational principle: the shape of the drop satisfies the minimum total energy for a given volume. The problem of the functional minimization is reduced to a system of nonlinear equations using the finite element method. To solve the system a Newton's iterative method is applied.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The variational-difference approach (the finite element method) is used. The finite linear functions are chosen as basic functions.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Equilibrium shapes of a drop on a rotating plane are constructed by the finite element method in a wide range of defining parameters: Bond number, rotational Weber number and wetting angle. The influence of these parameters on the shape of a drop is investigated. The numerical results are matched with the results obtained using the iterative-difference approach over the entire range of physical stability with respect to axisymmetric perturbations.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The finite element method responds to the loss of stability of a drop with respect to axisymmetric perturbations. Therefore it can be used to study the stability of the equilibrium of axisymmetric capillary surfaces.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>равновесные формы капли</kwd><kwd>вращающаяся плоскость</kwd><kwd>число Бонда</kwd><kwd>число Вебера</kwd><kwd>угол смачивания</kwd><kwd>метод конечных элементов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>equilibrium shapes of a drop</kwd><kwd>rotating plane</kwd><kwd>Bond number</kwd><kwd>Weber number</kwd><kwd>wetting angle</kwd><kwd>finite element method</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сокуров, А. А. Численно-аналитическое исследование математических моделей капиллярных менисков / А. А. Сокуров // Вестник КРАУНЦ. Физ.-мат. науки. – 2021. – Т. 36, № 3. – С. 80–93. https://doi.org/10.26117/2079-6641-2021-36-3-80-93</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sokurov A. A. 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