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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">inform</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Информатика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Informatics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1816-0301</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2617-6963</issn><publisher><publisher-name>UIIP NASB</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37661/1816-0301-2020-17-2-17-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">inform-1048</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБРАБОТКА СИГНАЛОВ, ИЗОБРАЖЕНИЙ, РЕЧИ, ТЕКСТА И РАСПОЗНАВАНИЕ ОБРАЗОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SIGNAL, IMAGE, SPEECH, TEXT PROCESSING AND PATTERN RECOGNITION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Визуальная навигация автономно летящего БПЛА с целью его возвращения в точку старта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Solution of problem of returning to the starting point of autonomously flying UAV by visual navigation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жук</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuk</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жук Роман Сергеевич, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Raman S. Zhuk, Junior Researcher</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ramanzhuck@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Залесский</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zalesky</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Залесский Борис Андреевич, доктор физико-математических наук, заведующий лабораторией обработки и распознавания изображений</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris A. Zalesky, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Head of the Laboratory of Image Processing and Recognition</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalesky@newman.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троцкий</surname><given-names>Ф. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trotski</surname><given-names>Ph. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Троцкий Филипп Сергеевич, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Philip S. Trotski, Junior Researcher</p><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trotskiphilipp@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Объединенный институт проблем информатики Национальной академии наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The United Institute of Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Жук Р.С., Залесский Б.А., Троцкий Ф.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жук Р.С., Залесский Б.А., Троцкий Ф.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhuk R.S., Zalesky B.A., Trotski P.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/1048">https://inf.grid.by/jour/article/view/1048</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматривается алгоритм автономной визуальной навигации, предназначенный для возвращения в точку старта беспилотного летательного аппарата (БПЛА), оборудованного одной бортовой видеокамерой и бортовым вычислителем, без использования навигационных сигналов GPS и ГЛОНАСС. Предлагаемый алгоритм схож с широко известными алгоритмами визуальной навигации, такими как одновременная локализация и картографирование (V-SLAM) и визуальная одометрия, однако отличается от них раздельным выполнением процессов картографирования и локализации. Он вычисляет географические координаты признаков, найденных на кадрах, снятых бортовой видеокамерой при полете от точки старта до потери сигналов GPS и ГЛОНАСС. После потери сигнала запускается миссия возвращения и вычисляется лишь положение БПЛА относительно построенной на основе найденных ранее признаков карты, которая используется для возвращения в точку старта. Предложенный подход не требует таких сложных вычислений, как V-SLAM, и не накапливает со временем ошибки в отличие от визуальной одометрии и традиционных методов инерциальной навигации. Алгоритм был реализован и протестирован с помощью квадрокоптера DJI Phantom 3 Pro.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>An autonomous visual navigation algorithm is considered, designed for “home“ return of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with on-board video camera and on-board computer, out of GPS and GLONASS navigation signals. The proposed algorithm is similar to the well-known visual navigation algorithms such as V-SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) and visual odometry, however, it differs in separate implementation of mapping and localization processes. It calculates the geographical coordinates of the features on the frames taken by on-board video camera during the flight from the start point until the moment of GPS and GLONASS signals loss. After the loss of the signal the return mission is launched, which provides estimation of the position of UAV relatively the map created by previously found features. Proposed approach does not require such complex calculations as V-SLAM and does not accumulate errors over time, in contrast to visual odometry and traditional methods of inertial navigation. The algorithm was implemented and tested with use of DJI Phantom 3 Pro quadcopter.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автономная визуальная навигация</kwd><kwd>беспилотные летательные аппараты</kwd><kwd>визуальная одометрия</kwd><kwd>возвращение в точку старта</kwd><kwd>навигационные сигналы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autonomous visual navigation</kwd><kwd>unmanned aerial vehicles</kwd><kwd>visual odometry</kwd><kwd>return to the starting point</kwd><kwd>navigation signals</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Durrant-Whyte, H. Simultaneous localization and mapping: part I / H. Durrant-Whyte, T. 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